This suggests a vicariant effect probably related to the deep Río Apurímac. aequatoris show disjunct distributions: the former in the central and southern regions, and the latter in the north-central region of the country. aequatoris have montane distributions, whereas A. caudifer in six and 11 characters, respectively. In MANOVA analyses, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test, the new species differed significantly from A. Principal Component Analysis separated well the new species from A. aequatoris, but it is distinguished from them by a unique combination of morphological characters: pelage dark uropatagium narrow with margins densely furred foot claws whitish skull with a long and narrow rostrum zygomatic arches complete and straight (in lateral view) posterolateral margins of palate without processes braincase smoothly rounded first upper premolar (P2) peg-like and separated from the upper canine by a wide gap second upper premolar (P3) without anterobasal cusp mandible long, straight, thin and delicate with a large symphysis. Herein, we describe a new species of Anoura from the Cordillera Oriental of the Peruvian Andes, inhabiting montane forests (Yungas) at 1900–3450 m altitude, along the Río Cosñipata valley in Manu Biosphere Reserve, Cuzco where it is sympatric with A. Anoura is a Neotropical genus of long-tongued bats containing at least 10 species, whose taxonomy has been revised substantially in recent years.
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